In the traditional concept, we always think that electric vehicles priced around 100,000 can only meet the most basic daily transportation, and can only be used for weekend outings or long-distance running. Performance and battery life anxiety. But in fact, after generations of battery technology accumulation, motor structure optimization, and thermal management system upgrades, many pure electric new energy vehicles have achieved breakthroughs in their endurance performance. In the cold winter in the north, trams are a natural strength test. How far they can run with a full charge is naturally a matter of concern to more people.
In August last year, BYD launched the new car Dolphin, priced at 93,800-121,800 yuan after subsidies. With its bionic design, young and fashionable styling configuration, and battery life performance that meets the transportation needs of most people, the price is less than Monthly sales of 10,000 units were achieved within half a year. Of course, looking back at Bitauto's previous content, you can also see that our colleagues from the south have just conducted a summer endurance test of the vehicle in Hainan. After passing multi-dimensional tests such as multiple people riding together, urban congestion, and long-term endurance at high speeds, it has achieved outstanding results. achieved relatively impressive results.
But this time it was obviously not on It was so easy for the first time. On January 15, BYD held a winter battery life photoelectric challenge in Beijing. As the name suggests, it runs from full power to light. As witnesses, we have to take turns driving the BYD Dolphin to complete the entire low-temperature endurance challenge in Beijing, where the minimum temperature is minus 13 degrees and the maximum temperature is about 1 degree. First of all, it needs to be emphasized that in this battery life challenge, we are driving a stylish version of the Dolphin model, which is officially called NEDC with a battery life of 405km. This model uses a front-mounted DC synchronous motor with a maximum power of 70kW, and the battery pack is a 44.9kWh lithium iron phosphate battery.
Before talking about battery life challenges, let’s briefly introduce some of BYD Dolphin’s strategies for dealing with low temperatures. BYD Dolphin is BYD's first model based on e-platform 3.0 technology. The Dolphin uses a Blade battery and is equipped with an eight-in-one electric powertrain. In order to ensure performance under different ambient temperatures, the car also uses technologies such as a heat pump system and battery pack refrigerant direct cooling and direct heating. Among them, the technical highlights of the blade battery are the energy density of 150Wh/kg and the manufacturing process of lamination arrangement. The safety aspect has been verified before. As for the battery life, we will also take a look at its lithium iron phosphate this time. How does the battery perform at low temperatures? As for the heat pump system, the battery pack and air conditioning system are integrated into a common heat pump system. Dolphin's heat pump compressor can power air conditionersThe system and the direct cooling and direct heating battery pack perform synchronous heating cycles. The supporting thermal management system flexibly converts heat between the cockpit, electric drive and battery pack through the control of multiple valve bodies. Of course, the official also stated that its operating temperature covers -30°C to 40°C. The eight-in-one electric drive, simply put, is a highly integrated drive motor, reducer, drive motor controller, high-voltage distribution box, high- and low-voltage DC converter DCDC, vehicle charger, vehicle controller, and battery manager BMS. , and the most interesting thing about this system is the flat wire motor. The flat wire motor further increases the slot filling rate and reduces the resistance by changing the arrangement density of the copper wires, optimizing the performance and energy consumption.
Let me briefly talk about my experience with Dolphin. We usually drive many new energy vehicles. It is difficult for energy vehicles to take into account all aspects, and the same is true for dolphins. However, the dolphin still has some amazing parts, and the appearance is western enough and the design is good. The design of parts such as door handles and rims takes into account the wind resistance coefficient and appearance.
You can’t ask for a lot of high-end materials in Dolphin’s car to improve the texture, but The interior made of environmentally friendly recycled materials is adequate and has no unpleasant odor. This is worthy of consideration for all 100,000-yuan models. Of course, there is still a sense of design. In addition to the ocean-style streamlines, DiLink's large-screen UI is simple, quick to use, and has complete function coverage. The mid-to-high-end model we tested also has electric seats, panoramic view Canopy, automatic air conditioning, automatic headlights and other configurations are basically all the configurations that can be used daily to enhance the user experience.
Then there is the use of space. The length, width and height of Dolphin are 4125mm, 1770mm, and 1570mm respectively. Overall, it is relatively small among family cars. However, because it is a product of a pure electric platform, it maximizes the space. It is allocated to the interior of the car, which can also be seen from the front cabin, so the 2700mm wheelbase provides considerable seating space in the car. The front row visibility is great, and the triangle window is not a decoration.
The opening angle of the four doors is also very convenient for passengers to enter and exit, and even the central control armrest and other parts of each door panel in front of the instrument panel are reserved Although there is ample storage space, the only flaw may be that the trunk space is slightly smaller.
Although Dolphins have prepared many countermeasures, practice is the criterion for verifying the passing of this technology. For the endurance test, BYD recommended endurance test routes, from Jinmao Yisheng Garden in Shunyi, Beijing to Gubei Water Town in Miyun, Beijing (approximately 83kilometers)
From Gubei Water Town to the DoubleTree by Hilton in Yanqing, Beijing (about 160 kilometers), from the DoubleTree by Hilton to Jinmao Yisheng Garden in Shunyi, Beijing (about 86 kilometers) km), a total of 3 sections are mainly national highways, with the maximum speed reaching 60-70km/h, which is more in line with most people's daily driving habits, but this time it does not include high-speed sections at all.
In addition, since it is the weekend, there are slightly more people and cars on the road than usual. Since the route is close to mountainous areas, the temperature is generally lower and the road surface is more undulating, which is better than the flat road. The power consumption of the route is slightly higher, which also makes the power consumption closer to the daily stop-and-go driving experience.
We fully charged the battery before departure, and the meter showed a battery life of 405km. There will be no charging at all for the rest of the route. It depends on whether we can get there. Foot power and luck. Based on past experience, we are accustomed to multiplying the NEDC battery life by 0.7 to calculate a similar data for ourselves as a reference for general electric vehicle battery life in winter. As for the NEDC 405km car, we were actually mentally prepared to complete the last section on a trailer before departure.
We have statistics on the power consumption of the entire process, and record the remaining mileage and power loss ratio every 10%. Before departure, we adjusted the driving mode to ECO, the kinetic energy recovery to maximum feedback, and the automatic air conditioning to 26 degrees to ensure the comfort in the car. After all, electric vehicles are different from fuel vehicles, and the cabin can hardly produce any "heat gain" to the cockpit. "Effect. Of course, it’s a long road, and listening to music to relieve fatigue is also a must. In a sense of comfort, we started the journey without being able to get to the trailer.
The first section of the journey is basically uphill. After all, Gubei Water Town is located deep in the mountains and forests. Driving too slowly on the national highway will inevitably affect traffic, and too fast will inevitably affect the traffic. Consumption is also a problem, so we basically drive at 80% of the speed limit on the route at that time, and the average speed is stable between 45-50km/h. It is not fast, but it is definitely not a roadblock.
Soon, the remaining power was close to 90%. This section is basically flat road, and starting, stopping and avoiding traffic lights and pedestrian lines have become Big power consumer. At this time, the meter shows that the mileage has been 38 kilometers, and the remaining NEDC battery life is 366 kilometers. At this time, the meter shows that the power loss and the actual consumption are basically still at 1:1.
When the battery consumption reached 80%, we began to travel through Miyun City and into the mountains, and the remaining mileage began to be consumed faster. We can generally maintain the driving power of the motor at 5-6kW on flat roads, but if there is a slight slope, the consumption will directly increase to 12-17kW. At this time, the meter shows that the mileage has been 64.4 kilometers, and the remaining NEDC range is 327 kilometers. At this time, the meter shows that the power loss and the actual consumption are close to 1.2:1.
Soon we arrived at Gubei Water Town. At this time, the power consumption was 74%. The continuous climbing became a big consumer of power. In order not to be thrown on the road to wait for rescue, we chose to pass In order to lower the air conditioner temperature and change it to 1 wind block, the audio volume has also become slightly restrained. At this time, the meter shows that the mileage has been 82.4 kilometers, and the remaining NEDC range is 303 kilometers. At this time, the meter shows that the power loss and the actual consumption are close to 1.23:1.
After a brief rest, we started to head towards Yanqing. Our efforts will be rewarded. The slopes we climbed before have now become a plus for our battery life. When coasting downhill, -5kW is basically supplemented. When the power consumption reaches 70%, the meter shows that the mileage has been 103 kilometers, and the remaining NEDC range is 283 kilometers. At this time, the meter shows power loss and the actual consumption are close to 1.18:1. It is worth noting that during the downhill process, the rolling resistance of the Chaoyang tires equipped with Dolphin is not large, and the sliding distance is also relatively ideal.
When the power consumption reached 60%, we returned to a relatively flat road section and still controlled the power to about 5-7kW, but at this time the sun set and the road temperature dropped. Going lower, the battery's thermal management system is doing its best to slow Dolphin's mid-cycle power loss as much as possible. The meter shows that the mileage has been 147 kilometers, and the remaining NEDC range is 242 kilometers. At this time, the meter shows that the power outage and the real consumption are 1.11:1. The overall performance is satisfactory. We also adjusted the air conditioner back to 26 degrees.
When the battery consumption reaches 50%, we have begun to climb the mountain road leading to Yanqing. As the slope increases, the remaining mileage consumption changes. quick. At this time, the meter shows that the mileage has been 182 kilometers, and the remaining NEDC battery life is 200 kilometers. At this time, the meter shows that the power loss and the actual consumption are close to 1.13:1. It is not difficult to see that if the car is driven on a flat road, the first 50% of the Dolphin's battery can basically be maintained at about 90% of the NEDC battery life. Even if you drive casually without considering consumption factors, the overall consumption will not exceed 80%, which is around 0 degrees Celsius. This is true under the environment. In some high-temperature environments in the south, the performance will obviously be even better.
When the battery consumption reaches 40%, we are still driving on mountain roads with many uphill slopes, and the remaining mileage consumption continues to increase as the slope increases. At this time, the meter shows that the mileage has been 213 kilometers, and the remaining NEDC range is 160 kilometers. At this time, the meter shows that the power loss and the actual consumption are close to 1.15:1.
After the uphill section, we basically arrived at Yanqing County. At this time, the power consumption reached 30%. At this time, the meter showed that the mileage had been 230 kilometers, and the remaining NEDC range was 120 kilometers. At this time The meter shows power loss and the actual consumption are close to 1.24:1. Continuous mountain road driving and sudden temperature drops make power consumption reach the peak.
When we finally arrived at the DoubleTree by Hilton in Yanqing, the battery consumption reached 26%. At this time, the meter showed that the mileage had been 243.7 kilometers, and the remaining NEDC range was 103 kilometers. At this time, the meter showed that it was off. electricity and real consumptionThe consumption is still 1.24:1. For safety reasons, we are going to continue the next day, while the dolphins need to undergo a 15-hour low-temperature rest test. However, what is gratifying is that after a night of sitting at a low temperature of about 0°C in a garage, the overall battery life has almost no degradation and the power loss rate is less than 1%.
When we set off on the second day, the outdoor temperature was only -13°C. We reheated the air conditioner, electric drive, battery pack, and cockpit. , consuming some power. When the power consumption reached 20%, we drove out of Yanqing and started the return journey, and were ready to start going downhill. At this time, the meter shows that the mileage has been 255 kilometers, and the remaining NEDC range is 83 kilometers. At this time, the meter shows that the power loss and the real consumption are close to 1.26:1. It is impossible to say that we are not anxious. We even began to doubt whether we can reach the destination 80 kilometers away.
The downhill journey brought the battery life back above our preset safety line. When the battery consumption reached 15%, the meter showed that the mileage had been 290 kilometers, and the remaining NEDC battery life was 59 kilometers, at this time, the meter showed power loss and the actual consumption returned to 1.19:1.
When the power consumption reaches 11% and the remaining NEDC range is 45 kilometers, the vehicle reminds us that we need to recharge, and the maximum power begins to be limited.
When the battery consumption reached 10%, we had returned to the flat road and passed through Changping County with constant starts and stops. The display showed that we had traveled 321 kilometers and had NEDC remaining battery life. 40 kilometers, at this time, the meter shows power loss and the actual consumption returns to 1.14:1. Seeing that there were only a few kilometers left to reach the finish line, we began to change our strategy and began to ignore the rules but abide by the law. We started to "tease" at the speed limit all the way. Finally, it reached the end point with about 8% battery left.
Perhaps out of reluctance, we wanted to see how this Dolphin, with a nominal range of 405km, could run in multiple categories, so we took the car Driving on the nearby highway and at the nearest intersection We made a turnaround and finally drove 350 kilometers when the battery reached 0%. This was not over yet. We also discovered that it had about 6% of backup power available in the background, but for safety reasons, we stopped the "crazy" and successfully arrived at the charging station. In fact, if our "final madness" is converted into the previous cruising range, the entire cruising test process can be said to be quite in line with our daily commuting driving habits. The actual range of 350 kilometers is compared with the official nominal range of 405 kilometers, with a deviation rate of less than 15%, and it is still in the northern environment of -13°C to 1°C. It is not difficult to see that BYD Dolphin really has two brushes.
In fact, all kinds of battery life tests have always been more or less designed for product tendencies, including those during this trip. There is no design of highway sections and so on. However, we tried our best to restore BYD Dolphin’s real car use scene by adding scenes.. In terms of the battery life of 350 kilometers on a single box of electricity, it is already a very good performance among models with a price of 100,000 yuan. We have always questioned the unstable battery life of vehicles using lithium iron phosphate batteries at low temperatures, and BYD has used a series of technologies to answer our questions. As far as this comprehensive experience is concerned, I personally think that the Dolphin's low-temperature performance is good and the driving quality is also good. If I were to consider buying a small car worth around 100,000 yuan, I would add it to my candidate list.